Multiple research labs in independent studies have reported that BFR training produces strength gains similar to maximal resistance training (weights).  It is important to note that not all BFR techniques and products are created equal.  B STRONG proprietary equipment keeps you safe, while make the experience simple, effective, and fast to use.

By using B Strong BFR bands along with the guidance app, you should see a marked improvement on the order of 10% strength gains in as little as 10-15 sessions if done 3-5x per week, 1x per day. Our application is designed to keep you safe and work your way toward the pressures that are appropriate for you, as each individual is different. B Strong is much more than just BFR bands. We bring you the expertise in an easy-to-implement fashion so you can simply Pump up ‘n Go™.

B STRONG BFR Training provides a more robust anabolic stimulation with lighter weights, in a shorter period of time, and in a safer manner, than normal resistance training. Gains in fitness and strength are realized quicker with B STRONG BFR Training than with normal resistance training.

Leading BFR expert Jim Stray-Gundersen, MD emphasizes that whether an individual gains mass or not depends on their nutrition and other training that they are doing. Blood flow restriction training is really just a signal for an anabolic response. Specific muscles may get bigger, but people also burn fat and many report looking leaner as part of their B Strong BFR training results.

Specifically, the answer to this direct question is not known yet. However, it depends on what the stimulus for tendon adaptation is and that is not known for sure, either. If the trigger is large absolute force loads across the tendon, then BFR will be minimally effective. On the other hand, if the trigger is “number of loads” that could be light, then BFR will work to improve tendon strength. There are a couple of studies on this topic with mixed results.However, with literally millions of BFR sessions performed all over the world with significant gains in muscle size and strength, we do not have any tendon injuries reported. In contrast, abuse of anabolic steroids, can build big strong muscle, but also weaken tendons, sometimes resulting in catastrophic tendon failure and rupture. Further, we do know this builds muscle and bone and tendons are the structure in-between, so it is logical to expect tendons are strengthened, as well as, the muscle and bone.

Yes, as with any intense or exhaustive exercise, part of the systemic response from the brain is a release of Beta Endorphin from the pituitary. This natural opiate produces a euphoric effect as well as augments the healing/anabolic response.

We are unaware of any contraindications, negative side effects or complications from using the B STRONG Training SystemTM when performed following the 5 Safety Rules.

1. Always place bands in correct locations. 
2. Never occlude arterial inflow. 
3. Never lift heavy weights. 
4. Never exceed 20 minutes of inflation. 
5. Always use the B STRONG guidance app.

Of course, if there is an ongoing medical emergency (e.g. heart attack, hypertensive crisis, hypoglycemic reaction, stroke, acute injury, etc.), the individual should postpone the B STRONG Training session and seek medical attention.

Acutely, during a B Strong training session, heart rate and blood pressure are somewhat higher than they would otherwise be for the given exercise.

Chronically, BFR training has many positive effects on the cardiovascular system, including the heart, similar to the positive effects gained from regular exercise training.

Not if the 5 safety rules are followed.  If blood in deep veins is brought to a standstill for a prolonged period of time, the blood can begin to form clots.  If this happens and the clots move into the lungs, they will cause what is called a pulmonary embolis.  If big enough, pulmonary emboli can be fatal.  Fortunately, the B Strong Training System^TM Bands are designed so that when the safety rules are followed, they cannot make the blood stand still long enough to clot, and thus, B STRONG Training does not increase the risk of blood clots or pulmonary emboli.  Millions of BFR sessions have been performed world wide over the last 50 years and where it has been studied, the individuals who practice BFR have less blood clots detected than a matched group of individuals who don’t do BFR training.

Some individuals are genetically predisposed to clotting.  By the time these individuals are adults, they know whether they or others in their families have this condition.  Often they are on anticoagulants.  B Strong Training is safe even for these individuals.

Sometimes, after particular types of surgery (e.g. various orthopedic procedures on the lower extremities), one may have formed clots in the veins while anesthetized.  These clots may go unrecognized and cause a pulmonary embolus in the days following the surgery.  Thus, we recommend waiting a week after surgery to resume or start a B STRONG training program.

Some individuals are genetically predisposed to clotting. By the time these individuals are adults, they know whether they or others in their families have this condition. Often they are on anticoagulants. B Strong Training is safe even for these individuals.

Sometimes, after particular types of surgery (e.g. various orthopedic procedures on the lower extremities), one may have formed clots in the veins while anesthetized. These clots may go unrecognized and cause a pulmonary embolus in the days following the surgery. Thus, we recommend waiting a week after surgery to resume or start a B Strong training program.

When one uses a blood pressure cuff, or surgical tourniquet, and if it is applied at a pressure higher than systolic blood pressure, occlusion can occur. So with those systems, there is an important relationship between cuff pressure and blood pressure.

The B Strong BFR Bands^TM, by virtue of the width, construction, and material properties, has been designed so it cannot occlude the circulation. Therefore, from a safety standpoint, the pressures prescribed in the B Strong Training System^TM pressure has little or no consideration to a person’s blood pressure.

The pressure in the B Strong BFR Bands^TM restricts or impedes venous blood from returning to the central circulation. The higher the pressure, the more blood is held in the limb and the more the circulation is slowed. The higher the pressure, the greater the muscle force needed to push blood past the impediment and back to the central circulation. In contrast to BP cuffs and tourniquets, the pressure prescribed for B Strong BFR Training System^TM has little or nothing to do with the individual’s blood pressure.

As with any exercise program, all practioners of B Strong BFR Training^TM should use common sense in deciding if they should proceed with a session. They should consult their physician if they have any questions about their particular circumstances. There are very few situations where people should not use the B Strong BFR System^TM.

As long as the safety rules and cautions are followed, and B Strong^TM equipment and guidance app are used and followed, there are no risks associated with B Strong BFR Training^TM beyond those associated with any exercise. Please consult your with your physician before starting any exercise routine, including B Strong BFR Training^TM.

Yes, it is almost always higher than one’s systolic blood pressure. The pressure in the B Strong BFR Bands^TM is only loosely related to blood pressure. The pressure in the B STRONG BFR band is adjusted so that muscle contraction overcomes the venous impediment to maintain blood flow even up to 500mmHg. See our safety video demonstrating this.

No, B Strong BFR Training System^TM Bands and protocols do not increase the risk of varicosities, if anything, B Strong works toward reducing varicosities.Varicose veins are the result of incompetent valves in the veins linking the deep to superficial venous systems. They can occur for a variety of reasons, but one cause is pregnancy where the growing uterus and baby put 24/7 pressure on the iliac veins as they carry blood back to the heart. This fills up the deep veins, the interconnecting veins and the superficial veins. Because this is a passive, constant situation, the valves are stretched resulting in them becoming incompetent.

In contrast, during B STRONG training, venous outflow is restricted leading to distension in the veins and capillaries distal to the B STRONG Band, but then with exercise, the veins are repeatedly emptied and filled. This has been associated with a up-regulation of markers associated with vascular growth (VEGF, HIF-1a, etc.). The result of this temporary (~20 minutes) distending and emptying of the veins and capillaries is to improve their smooth muscle, which if anything works to reinforce the valves in between the deep and superficial venous systems. B Strong may actually result in making barely incompetent valves, competent again, which, in turn, may reduce the amount of varicosities. We have numerous anecdotal reports of reduced varicosities when regularly using the B Strong Training System^TM.

Yes, B Strong is uniquely suited to allow continued strength training while not disturbing the healing injury. If, for example, one tears their right ACL, they may continue B Strong BFR Training^TM on the other three extremities as normal. In addition, they may perform light B Strong BFR Training^TM on the injured extremity as long as it does not produce pain in the injured part.

One should wait 3 days after a general anesthetic before resuming B Strong Training sessions. Out of an abundance of caution, we do not recommend pregnant women to start B Strong Training^TM sessions during their pregnancy. One should definitely not do B Strong Training^TM when dehydrated. In this case, please rehydrate, then proceed with the B Strong Training^TM session.

There is a very low risk of Rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis does not occur when individuals follow the safety rules of the B Strong BFR Training System^TM. A constellation of factors must occur together to get rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis is associated with a variety of factors including; the first time of a new exercise, exercising when dehydrated, eccentric exercise, exercise with an occluded circulation, exercise with heavy weights, exercise of long duration. There is a comprehensive list below. It takes a “perfect storm” of many of these factors coming together to get wide spread muscle fiber damage that can lead to rhabdomyolysis. If one follows the B Strong BFR Training System^TM safety rules, one can not get all these factors coming together at the same time.

Rhabdomyolysis is defined as major destruction of muscle fibers. As muscle fibers are torn and damaged, the intracellular contents are released into the circulation and the kidney attempts to clear them from the circulation. If the load of cellular debris is too great for the kidneys, renal failure ensues. If not treated, death follows. There are many causes of rhabdomyolysis. The most common causes include:

• The use of alcohol or illegal drugs such as heroin, cocaine or amphetamines
• Extreme muscle strain (especially in someone who is an untrained athlete; it can happen in elite athletes and can be more dangerous if there is more muscle mass to break down)
  
• A crush injury such as from an auto accident, fall, or building collapse
  
• Long-lasting muscle compression such as caused by prolonged immobilization after a fall or lying unconscious on a hard surface during illness or while under the influence of alcohol or medication
  
• The use of medications such as antipsychotics or statins, especially when given in high doses

• Electrical shock injury, lightning strike, or third-degree burn
• A very high body temperature (hyperthermia) or heat stroke
  
• Seizures
  
• A metabolic disorder such as ketoacidosis
  
• Diseases of the muscles (myopathy) such as congenital muscle enzyme deficiency or Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
  
• Viral infections such as the flu, HIV, or herpes simplex virus
  
• Bacterial infections leading to toxins in tissues or the bloodstream (sepsis)
  

The B Strong Training System^TM can be safely and effectively used by injured and non-injured athletes, as well as normal people of every age, ability and background. In our experience, we have used the B Strong Training System^TM on both genders from 10 to 93 years of age.

The best way to start using the B Strong Training System™ is to measure your limb girths, order a system, fill out the information and download the app. The app will take you from there, track your progress and prescribe appropriate pressures to keep your sessions safe and effective!

You can do any exercise you can imagine with your B Strong Training System™. The most important point is to follow the guidance of the app. In the app, you should follow the B Strong regimen for sets and repetitions to achieve muscle failure.

Any light weight or partial body weight exercises can be performed with the B Strong Training System™. Jim Stray-Gundersen, MD, BFR expert and co-founder of B Strong, recommends starting with the basic exercises described in the app, then gradually incorporating exercises most specific to the activities relevant to your lifestyle. Examples include cyclists “B-ing” Strong on a stationary bike with BFR bands on their legs or baseball players throwing with BFR bands on their arms.

The proper B StrongTraining System^TM pressure varies between individuals depending on a variety of biometric factors. The B Strogn guidance app has an algorithm that takes these factors into account.  That is why the regular use of the app is very important.  The appropriate level of pressure is set by the app and updated based on feedback given after each session.

Yes, essentially substitute a 3 second isometric contraction for each repetition of an exercise movement. Once you have the belts inflated, and instead of doing the usual exercises, perform 3 sets of 30 isometric contractions of the interested muscle. When contracting, hold the contraction for 3 seconds and then relax for 1 second and repeat 29 times before resting for 30-60 seconds. Perform 3 sets of these 30, 3 second isometric contractions for a given muscle group before moving to the next exercise. These isometric contractions are particularly useful if you have a joint injury that is aggravated and painful if moved during exercise. You can combine isometric exercises with movement exercises in other areas of the body. One thing many find that are interested in big hypertrophic muscle gains is that isometric contractions and very slow moving contractions are particularly effective in building muscle. One can also combine isometric and normal contractions in a given exercise. For example, when doing 5 lbs arm curls, one can hold an isometric contraction at the end of the range of motion, both with the arm fully flexed and the arm fully extended.

Regular exercise is an important component of rehabilitation for patients with stokes (CVA’s). B Strong BFR is ideally suited to produce significant gains in function in patients who have had a stroke. This can have a dramatic effect on the individual’s activities of daily living. The result can have the patient be independent, as opposed to dependent on additional daily care. In particular, if the patient is hypertensive (has high blood pressure), their blood pressure should be medically controlled.

We have used B Strong BFR with several stroke patients and there have been many patients in Japan (using the predecessor of B Strong, Kaatsu) that have been helped by BFR training. To some extent, it depends on how “dense” (complete) the stroke is. The “denser” or more severe the stroke, the less chance of functional recovery.

1. Typically, what nerves (and motor pathways) have been killed, are dead, but there is a     lot of recovery that can take place to get the individual functional again.
2. B Strong can strengthen the motor pathways/muscles that are still innervated.
   
3. B Strong can restore damaged, not dead, motor pathways to function.
   
4. B Strong can facilitate healthy neurons to take over the function of dead neurons.
   

Several studies have used from 10-20% of 1RM. However, one repetition maxes (1RM) are specific for each lift, difficult (and sometimes dangerous) to measure accurately and change almost daily. One of the principles of the B Strong Training^TM is that light weight loads or resistances should be used. To clarify, light loads or light resistances are those that are easy to do or where many repetitions can be done without the B Strong BFR Training System^TM. A good example of a light exercise is arm curls with 2-5 lbs (1-2 kg) barbells. Any calisthenics where partial body weight is moved are also good examples of B Strong exercises, like push-ups.

We recommend that you start your BFR experience with just arms or just legs at once. Get used to the feelings and the exercises and ease your way into the training. As you become more experienced after a couple sessions, you may apply all four belts at once and incorporate more complex movements or calesthenic exercises. It is important to be well hydrated during all B Strong sessions, and especially when you have four belts at once because you are pooling a larger blood volume in your limbs. If you ever feel light headed during any workout, stop, remove the belts, hydrate and eat something and try again later or the next day.

You don’t have to put on extra muscle with B Strong. It depends on your athletic and fitness goals. The changes to body composition that occur with B Strong are also dependent on your diet and other types of training you perform. For example, a body builder can put on extra weight and muscle with B Strong, while an endurance athlete will get stronger and leaner without appreciable gain in body weight.

B Strong blood flow restriction training sessions have been performed as much as 2 to 3 times per day to as little as twice per week. Competitive athletes in their 20s may do a B Strong session daily. While you recover quicker from a B Strong session than a maximal heavy lifting session, it still can be taxing. Olympic Physician and BFR expert Jim Stray-Gundersen, MD recommends gaining some experience in how the B Strong session makes you feel, then adjusting your overall training stress to accommodate your individual appetite for blood flow restriction training.

Yes, you can use B Strong blood flow restriction bands on both your arms and legs at the same time. It is 2x as efficient as many other BFR systems! B Strong allows safe full body exercise with our arm and leg package.

Doing B Strong on legs only is just fine. However, you will get a more robust systemic anabolic effect, if you also include a B Strong arm session. The greater the percentage of your total body musculature that you get sending a signal of disturbed homeostasis to your brain, the more robust of an anabolic systemic response you will get.

If you incorporate the use of core muscles into your B Strong exercises, they will enjoy the similar adaptive responses as muscles that are distal to the B Strong belts. For example, if you do push-ups with B Strong arm belts, not only do you stimulate development of your triceps, but also your pectoralis and core musculature, as you hold a good “plank” during the push-ups.

There is no optimal time to use B Strong. However, you may enjoy your B Strong blood flow restriction training session more if you establish a regular schedule. It is not recommended to do B Strong right after a large meal and for some, doing B Strong or any exercise just before bedtime may impact their ability to fall asleep.

The answer does depend on individual circumstances like, fitness, training background, age, purpose of training, etc. in terms of how often to exercise. However, the number of sessions can range from twice per week to as many as 3 sessions per day.

Why the form of three sets of 30 reps of 3 to 6 exercises, is an important part of the mechanism of blood flow restriction. With blood flow restriction training, we are limiting the ability of the muscle to recover from otherwise easy exercise by restricting or impeding its blood flow. During easy/light exercise we only use a fraction of the fibers in the muscle to perform the movement. However, the first fibers that are recruited are heavily dependent on blood flow (oxygen, glucose, removal of acid, etc.) to operate. Because they don’t get their normal blood flow during the 1stset, they begin to fatigue. Then during the 30 second “rest” period, when normally muscle recovers, now without muscle contraction, they have even less than the normal blood flow moving through the muscle and get in even moremetabolic trouble, rather than recovering and improving the situation. Then when the 2ndset starts, it is starting on fibers that have not recovered, which results in those fibers failing to generate necessary force. Additional fibers (not normally recruited for easy exercise) have to take over. These fibers are usually less trained and get in metabolic trouble even faster, resulting in even more metabolic trouble. Now during the 2ndrest phase, most if not all fibers in a muscle are now in “metabolic trouble” and aren’t recovering. The 3rdset finishes the whole muscle off and makes virtually all fiber populations contract. In this way of limiting recovery of the initial fibers recruited, one ends up recruiting all fibers. The metabolic waste of all these fibers triggers metabo-receptors in and around the muscle, that send the signal to the brain to release a systemic anabolic response. In addition, these metabolic changes are a local stimulus to increase protein synthesis and to up-regulate anabolic receptors on muscle membranes. In total, the “failure” or “fatigue” generated from 3 sets of 30 reps to failure, is the specific signal that stimulates increases in strength and function in muscle. The only other way to get this degree of disturbance of homeostasis is to lift heavy or maximal running intervals with “tying up” at the end.

There is an important concept, here, that is a paradigm shift from standard training. Normally, people think they train a given muscle group to get that group stronger or more trained. We are not training muscle (e.g. the biceps) to make that muscle more trained. That gets done, but the important point here is to use that contracting muscle to send a signal to the brain to elicit the systemic anabolic response.

Why 3 to 6 different exercises? We use 3 to 6 exercises to invoke that “disturbance of homeostasis” signal in as great a percentage of total muscle mass as we can. However, as with any training program, one has to start gradually. So typically we start with 3 exercises that cover all muscles distal to the bands and as the person adapts, we add on more exercises that also recruit muscle proximal to the bands and involve core musculature.

All of the above and you can add in, “instead of” a normal workout. When introducing BFR to a group of athletes that are already engaged in vigorous training, one strategy is to add the BFR workout at the end of the normal workout. Several reasons. First, they can do their normal workout with their normal feelings to judge how hard or how much they do, not influenced by the BFR workout. Second, we use the “normal” workout to induce some metabolic disturbance, which reduces the time needed to cause all fibers to fail (see above). Third, it is a hard (if not impossible) sell to have a group completely abandon what they have traditionally done. You may establish a beach head by adding BFR training to the end of what they normally do. Then as they see their strength and fitness improve, they usually reduce the amount of “normal” training. With “power” athletes, we never go completely away from traditional training, but with endurance athletes, (partially because of the penalty of weight gain), we move to nothing but BFR training exercises for their strength training. A final consideration is that if the athlete tries to do their normal program plus BFR (3 to 5 times per week), they may, over time, get too tired. So what they do and what they cut out or replace with BFR must take into consideration with their overall training load.

B Strong^TM can also serve as a great warmp up prior to a training session. In this case, you do not do a full workout to failure but put the belts on and pressurize during stretching exercises or warmup routines. Blood is pooled and forced deep into the capillaries and veins and helps to get things going and wake up the body in preparation for the workout.

BFR training needs to be considered significant training, so a full on maximal BFR session should not be done when recovery is sought. However, some versions of BFR training are intended to facilitate recovery and can be done with that purpose in mind. Versions are also used as part of the warm-up routine before a heavy training session or competition. All other things being equal, BFR training (since the absolute loads are low) does relatively little muscle damage and recovery from a hard BFR session is quick and prompt. So, for example, where standard heavy weight training usually has 48 hours between maximal sessions, BFR training can be performed daily in most athletes used to hard training.

B Strong BFR bands are only placed in two locations. 

For arms, the BFR bands are placed high up, above the bicep and below the deltoid. The bands are designed thin enough to get above the bicep so that when the bicep contracts, the bands allow some expansion of the muscle. If you experience any kind of pain, it is likely because the bands are placed too low. 

For legs, the BFR bands are placed as high up on the quad as is comfortable. 

For both arms and legs, the white valve should be pointing inward toward the opposite side of your body and if there is a gap between the two ends of the bladder, this should be rotated so it is on the outside surface of the limb. 

According to leading BFR expert Jim Stray-Gundersen, MD, the reason BFR bands are only placed in these two locations is that it allows B Strong to restrict flow to the maximum amount of muscle mass. B Strong produces a systemic effect, which means your whole body will benefit from the exercise if you are doing exercises that engage core and trunk muscles. So, if you are looking to improve calf or ankle function, you don't put the bands around the calf, as this leaves out the large quad and hamstring muscles and will produce a minimal systemic effect.

B Strong BFR bands should be snug against the limb before there is any air inside. Make sure bands are fully deflated prior to putting them on. Pull the tail strap through the metal loop and pull snug so that the bands cannot rotate or slide freely on the limb. If your arm is on the smaller end of the size range, the two ends of the bladder will overlap, and this is by design. Watch the video in the app called "Band Placement" for more tips.

When you have the BFR bands properly tensioned prior to inflation, you will already start to feel some small restriction, notice some color change in the limb and have distended veins. You should not tighten as hard as you can, but you do want the bands nice and snug against the skin.

To connect the pump, take the white female connector on the pump and press the silver lever down so that the round opening is clear and not blocked by the metal lever.

Push the female connector onto the white male connector on the valve until you hear a "click".  It is important you push far enough to hear the click or the pump will not be fully connected even though it may appear to be connected.

To release the pump, push down on the silver lever and pull the female connector off the band.  If you need to release air during use, or re-pump the band, always deflated the band by pressing in the tip of the male connector on the band.

TIP: if the female connector is difficult to slide onto the male, it may help to touch some vegetable oil with your fingers and rub over the male connector on the bands to lubricate it.

The goal of every B Strong blood flow restriction training session is to achieve strong "fatigue" or "failure.” We define this as not being able to complete another quality repetition. If your cadence is slowing down, or your form is falling apart, you are reaching fatigue.

Producing strong muscle fatigue during the blood flow restriction training session is the trigger for the anabolic response we are looking for. Jim Stray-Gundersen, MD, BFR expert and co-founder of B Strong, recommends the B Strong app to help you get your starting pressures and adjust them over several sessions to the point where you are reaching this strong level of fatigue. We have some exercise samples provided and videos that discuss this more via our app.

It is advisable not to place a B Strong band above a phlebotomy site for several hours post phlebotomy due to the risk of hematoma at the venapuncture site. Performing a standard B Strong session with the other 3 extremities can be done post phlebotomy.